Reaction Time in Adolescence, Cumulative Allostatic Load, and Symptoms of Anxiety and Depression in Adulthood: The West of Scotland Twenty-07 Study
نویسندگان
چکیده
OBJECTIVE To examine the relation between reaction time in adolescence and subsequent symptoms of anxiety and depression and investigate the mediating role of sociodemographic measures, health behaviors, and allostatic load. METHODS Participants were 705 members of the West of Scotland Twenty-07 Study. Choice reaction time was measured at age 16. At age 36 years, anxiety and depression were assessed with the 12-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), and measurements were made of blood pressure, pulse rate, waist-to-hip ratio, and total and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, C-reactive protein, albumin, and glycosolated hemoglobin from which allostatic load was calculated. RESULTS In unadjusted models, longer choice reaction time at age 16 years was positively associated with symptoms of anxiety and depression at age 36 years: for a standard deviation increment in choice reaction time, regression coefficients (95% confidence intervals) for logged GHQ score, and square-root-transformed HADS anxiety and depression scores were 0.048 (0.016-0.080), 0.064 (0.009-0.118), and 0.097 (0.032-0.163) respectively. Adjustment for sex, parental social class, GHQ score at age 16 years, health behaviors at age 36 years and allostatic load had little attenuating effect on the association between reaction time and GHQ score, but weakened those between reaction time and the HADS subscales. Part of the effect of reaction time on depression was mediated through allostatic load; this mediating role was of borderline significance after adjustment. CONCLUSIONS Adolescents with slower processing speed may be at increased risk for anxiety and depression. Cumulative allostatic load may partially mediate the relation between processing speed and depression.
منابع مشابه
Socioeconomic position across the lifecourse & allostatic load: data from the West of Scotland Twenty-07 cohort study
BACKGROUND We examined how socioeconomic position (SEP) across the lifecourse (three critical periods, social mobility and accumulated over time) is associated with allostatic load (a measure of cumulative physiological burden). METHODS Data are from the West of Scotland Twenty-07 Study, with respondents aged 35 (n = 740), 55 (n = 817) and 75 (n = 483). SEP measures representing childhood, th...
متن کاملSocial and Material Adversity from Adolescence to Adulthood and Allostatic Load in Middle-Aged Women and Men: Results from the Northern Swedish Cohort
BACKGROUND Little is known about the theoretically assumed association between adversity exposure over the life course and allostatic load in adulthood. PURPOSE This study aims to examine whether social and material adversity over the life course is related to allostatic load in mid-adulthood. METHODS A 27-year prospective Swedish cohort (N = 822; 77% response rate) reported exposure to soc...
متن کاملAuthor's response to reviews Title:Socioeconomic position and allostatic load: Evidence from the West of Scotland Twenty-07 cohort study Authors:
متن کامل
P131: Effectiveness of CBT in Reducing Symptoms of Anxiety in Children
Although some childhood fairs and anxieties are as part of normal development in children, but relatively stable over time and may have some anxiety problems in adolescence and adulthood continue to increase. This study is done to determine the effectiveness of CBT (which was included: relaxation, visualization ideally, self-ordering in Maykenbam way, thinking-stop of anxiety in Wolpe way and c...
متن کاملThe association of perfectionism dimensions with depression and anxiety symptoms: The mediating role of difficulties in emotion regulation
Depression and anxiety are the most prevalent mental disorders that cause a high burden for patient and the society. Identifying variables that affect depression and anxiety can be useful in managing and reducing symptom severity in these disorders. The present study was performed to examine the mediating role of difficulties in emotion regulation on the relationship between dimensions of perfe...
متن کامل